Nutrition
Soil nutrition for salad potato production.
Adequate soil nutrition is key to producing high numbers of evenly sized tubers. Ideally soils should have pH of approximately 6.5 so that soil nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium are available to the plant.
Nitrogen in salad crops needs to be carefully managed, as salads are a relatively short term crop ie. 90 days nitrogen requirement is not generally as high as that of a maincrop. Excess applications of nitrogen can lead to problems with maturity and dessication. Table 1 below is taken from the Teagasc Nutrient advice book and shows the nitrogen required by salad potatoes.
Table 1; Nitrogen required for salad potatoes (Kgs/Ha)
Length of growing season |
Variety determinacy group* |
Soil N Index1 Index 1 Index 2 Index 3 Index 4 |
|||
> 60 days |
1 |
60-100 |
50-90 |
40-80 |
30-60 |
2 |
50-90 |
40-80 |
30-70 |
0-40 |
|
60 – 90 days |
1 |
80-120 |
60-100 |
40-80 |
30-70 |
2 |
70-110 |
50-100 |
40-90 |
30-70 |
* Variety determinacy or haulm longevity is a measure the time from 50% emergence to haulm death where varieties in group 1 are short term longevity and those in group 4 are very long haulm longevity.
Phosphorous plays an important role in early plant growth, tuber formation and tuber maturity. Phosphorous is generally applied into the seed bed at planting however foliar P can be applied to increase the tuber numbers, especially in low P sites and also in cold springs.
Potassium regulates the amount of water in the plant, therefore, where there is insufficient potassium, crops will not use water efficiently. Potassium will also help crops to cope better with stress caused by drought, heat, waterlogging etc
Magnesium deficiency occasionally occurs in sandy soils or where high levels of potassium have been applied
Sulphur supply can be low in sandy soils, it is usually applied as sulphate of potash into the seed bed and is associated with increased dry matter.
Details of general soil fertility can be found on the Teagasc website at:
https://www.teagasc.ie/crops/soil--soil-fertility/